What is Strongyloidiasis ?
Strongyloidiasis is a parasitic infection caused by the nematode (roundworm) Strongyloides stercoralis. It is found primarily in tropical and subtropical regions, and is transmitted to humans through contact with contaminated soil or water.
When a person comes into contact with contaminated soil or water, the larvae of the parasite can penetrate the skin and enter the bloodstream. The larvae then migrate to the lungs, where they cause a mild respiratory illness, before being coughed up and swallowed, ultimately reaching the small intestine where they develop into adult worms. The adult worms can produce new larvae, which can then penetrate the intestinal walls and re-enter the bloodstream, starting the cycle over again.
What are The Symptoms of Strongyloidiasis ?
Symptoms of strongyloidiasis can range from mild to severe and can include itching around the anus, abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, and weight loss. In severe cases, the infection can lead to systemic illness, including hyperinfection syndrome, which can be life-threatening.
What are The Causes of Strongyloidiasis ?
Strongyloidiasis is caused by the parasitic nematode (roundworm) Strongyloides stercoralis. The infection is acquired by contact with contaminated soil or water, typically in tropical and subtropical regions.
When a person comes into contact with contaminated soil or water, the larvae of the parasite can penetrate the skin and enter the bloodstream. The larvae then migrate to the lungs, where they cause a mild respiratory illness, before being coughed up and swallowed, ultimately reaching the small intestine where they develop into adult worms. The adult worms can produce new larvae, which can then penetrate the intestinal walls and re-enter the bloodstream, starting the cycle over again.
Risk factors for strongyloidiasis include living in or frequenting areas where the disease is prevalent, working in soil or water, and having a weakened immune system due to conditions such as HIV/AIDS or cancer. People who live in or work in areas with poor sanitation, lack of access to clean water, and limited use of insecticide-treated bed nets are also at increased risk of infection.
Prevention of strongyloidiasis involves avoiding exposure to contaminated soil or water, practicing good hygiene, and wearing protective clothing and footwear when working in or visiting areas where the infection is prevalent. Washing hands thoroughly and using proper sanitation facilities can also help reduce the risk of infection.
How to Diagnose Strongyloidiasis ?
Diagnosis of strongyloidiasis is typically made through stool tests, blood tests, and/or a skin test. Treatment typically involves medications, such as ivermectin or albendazole, which can kill the adult worms and larvae.
Prevention of strongyloidiasis involves avoiding exposure to contaminated soil or water, practicing good hygiene, and wearing protective clothing and footwear when working in or visiting areas where the infection is prevalent. Washing hands thoroughly and using proper sanitation facilities can also help reduce the risk of infection.
