Sinusitis, also known as a sinus infection, is a condition in which the sinuses become inflamed and swollen. The sinuses are small air-filled spaces located in the skull, and they help to produce mucus that protects and moistens the nasal passages.
Sinusitis can be caused by a variety of factors, including allergies, viral or bacterial infections, or structural problems in the sinuses. Common symptoms of sinusitis include:
- Pain or pressure in the face, particularly around the eyes, nose, and forehead
- Nasal congestion or discharge
- Headache
- Sore throat
- Cough
- Fatigue
- Reduced sense of smell or taste
- Fever
Treatment for sinusitis depends on the underlying cause and the severity of the symptoms. In most cases, sinusitis will resolve on its own within a few days to a week. However, if symptoms persist or are severe, treatment may be necessary. Treatment options may include:
- Over-the-counter pain relievers, such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen, to relieve pain and reduce fever
- Decongestants, such as pseudoephedrine, to reduce nasal congestion
- Nasal corticosteroids, such as fluticasone or budesonide, to reduce inflammation in the nasal passages
- Antibiotics, if the infection is caused by bacteria
- Saline nasal irrigation, which involves flushing the nasal passages with a saltwater solution to help clear mucus and reduce inflammation
In addition to these treatments, there are several self-care measures that can help to relieve symptoms of sinusitis, such as staying hydrated, using a humidifier, avoiding irritants such as smoke or chemicals, and avoiding allergens if allergies are the cause of the sinusitis.
