Mononucleosis, also known as “mono” or the “kissing disease,” is a viral infection caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). It is most commonly seen in teenagers and young adults.
The virus is usually transmitted through saliva, which is why it is often called the “kissing disease.” However, it can also be spread through coughing, sneezing, or sharing utensils or drinking glasses.
Symptoms of mononucleosis can include:
- Fatigue and weakness
- Sore throat
- Fever
- Swollen lymph nodes in the neck and armpits
- Enlarged spleen
- Headache
- Rash
- Muscle aches and joint pain
In some cases, the symptoms may be mild and may not require treatment. However, in more severe cases, treatment may be necessary to manage symptoms and prevent complications. Treatment may include rest, drinking plenty of fluids, and taking over-the-counter pain relievers. In rare cases, antiviral medications may be prescribed.
Complications of mononucleosis can include an enlarged spleen, which can be serious if it ruptures, as well as hepatitis (inflammation of the liver), and anemia (a decrease in red blood cells).
Most people with mononucleosis recover within a few weeks to a couple of months, although fatigue may persist for several weeks. It is important to get plenty of rest, drink lots of fluids, and avoid contact sports or heavy lifting during the recovery period to prevent complications.
