What is Cyclooxygenase ?
Cyclooxygenase (COX) is an enzyme that is involved in the synthesis of prostaglandins, a group of hormones that regulate a wide range of physiological processes, including pain, inflammation, blood flow, and smooth muscle contractions.
There are two forms of COX: COX-1 and COX-2. COX-1 is considered a “constitutive” enzyme, meaning that it is present at a constant level in the body and is involved in the regulation of normal physiological processes, such as protecting the stomach lining and regulating blood flow to the kidneys.
COX-2, on the other hand, is considered an “inducible” enzyme, meaning that its expression can be increased in response to injury or inflammation. COX-2 is thought to play a central role in the production of prostaglandins associated with pain and inflammation.
Many drugs, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), target the COX enzyme in order to reduce pain and inflammation. Some NSAIDs target both COX-1 and COX-2, while others (called “COX-2 selective inhibitors”) are designed to target only COX-2. These drugs can help to reduce pain and inflammation by inhibiting the production of prostaglandins, but they can also have side effects, such as stomach ulcers, bleeding, and kidney problems.
It is important to speak with a healthcare provider to determine the best treatment for your specific condition.
